{{Situation au 1er avril 2008}}


Avec 217 centres en activité pour un plancher commercial supérieur à 5,3 millions de m², l’Amérique du Nord est le continent qui compte le plus grand nombre de Factory Outlet Centers (centres de magasins d’usine). Avec près de 170 centres pour une surface de vente totale de plus de 2,3 millions de m², l’Europe arrive en seconde position.

[{{En savoir plus sur les marchés et tendances en dehors de l’Europe}}->http://www.magdus.fr/xxxxx]

—–

{{{Winners 2005}}}
—–

{{Best concept implementation category}}
{{McArthurGlen Castel Romano}}
{{Rome – Italie}}
{{McArthurGlen}}

{{Facilitator}}

{{Olivier Costil}} {LSA}

{{Speaker}}

{{Olivier Le Floc’h}} President {AchatVIP.com}

{{Olivier COSTIL}}
_ Turnover from Internet selling sites has multiplied this year. This mostly concerns the fashion sector.



{{Olivier LE FLOCH}}
_ The low prices explain the enthusiasm for Internet buying. However, we try not to go below 50 % of the conventional market price, so as not to harm this sector too much. All VIP.com sales are validated by the brands, which is not the case of all Internet sales. For the last six months we have been selling preview items at market price. Internet enables us to reach more customers and a more widespread geographical area than the conventional private shop. Lingerie, ready-to-wear clothing, household accessories and equipment are the most popular products on our site. Brand-awareness plays an important role. So we want to attract as many known brands as possible to our site.
_ The main competitor to VIP.com (14 million € sales) is « ventesprivées.com » (250 million € sales), but our company is profitable. In order to distinguish ourselves from our competitors, we have created topic-based journals. We have also provided broad-band to 49 % of our customers. This brings us new customers, as if they do not have broad band, it is not possible for internauts to buy on the Internet.
_ The Internet is a complement to factory outlets and traditional shops which publicise brand names. We work on impulse purchasing by sending emails every two days to people who have signed up. Many people buy things that they never use, but they think they are getting a bargain.



{{Olivier COSTIL}}
_ Do your customers consider these emails to be an intrusion into their private life?



{{Olivier LE FLOCH}}
_ No, there are very few unsubscriptions. We respect the wishes of those who do not want to receive emails.



{{Olivier COSTIL}}
_ Is not the development of sites on Internet a risk for your activity?



{{Olivier LE FLOCH}}
_ No, because poor quality sites and those which do not respect the brand image are not likely to endure. We have contracts with the brands. In this way they control, free of charge, animations, prices and the product description. Moreover, in France there is room for three players such as ventesprivées.com, because the brands are producing more and more.



{{Olivier COSTIL}}
_ How is your remuneration calculated?



{{Olivier LE FLOCH}}
_ If a product is sold on the traditional market for 100 euros, we sell it on our site for 50 euros. Which means we have bought it from the brand at between 20 and 25 euros.



{{Olivier COSTIL}}
_ This morning, a manufacturer said that private sales were less profitable than running a factory outlet.



{{Olivier COSTIL}}
_ That depends on the supplier.







{{Discussions with the floor}}



{{Vincent LEPERCQ}} (Journal du textile)
_ Why do the companies that run factory outlets not have an Internet sales site?



{{Olivier LE FLOCH}}
_ Some mark-down sites do not respect the brands. Physical mark-down outlets and web professionals are two separate areas of activity.



{{Franck LARZILLIERE}} (Seb)
_ What is your customers’ profile? Has it changed? Is you customer base different from your competitors’?



{{Olivier LE FLOCH}}
_ Our customer base comes from the whole of France, whereas the ventesprivées.com customers are located essentially in the Paris area. Our customers are between 27 and 37 years of age and 37% of them come from mid-range socio-professional categories.



{{Jean PAPILLON}} (President of the French Shoe Confederation)
_ What is the percentage of goods returned? Do you not have competition from the factory outlets which work along the same principle as you, that is to say, discount selling? Is not systematic discounting detrimental to the brands?



{{Olivier LE FLOCH}}
_ We have 1% returns. We are a complement to factory outlets if the brands are only present on a few Internet sites on certain days. In the United States, factory outlets co-exist with the websites.



{{Shirley BANDEL}} (former Levi Strauss employee)
_ Levi Strauss has never worked with websites, as it targets 1 600 000 consumers at the same time. This mass market strategy does not correspond to the brand strategy, where it is preferable to sell excess goods in factory outlets or else destroy the products. Levi Strauss does not sell to these mark-down sellers because of the harm they have done to the brand. Levi Strauss only sells on-line end-of-season firsts (undamaged goods) at discounts of 20 to 30%. This company is seeking to extend its sales network to factory outlets as they are very profitable for the brand.



{{From the floor}}
_ Although the patent policy of the brands is to get rid of their excess stock or previous season’s collections, the volumes are limited and do no harm to the normal distribution channels.



{{Vanessa ZOUZOWSKY}} (ING REIM)
_ How do you manage your volumes?



{{Olivier LE FLOCH}}
_ We never buy less than fifty-off of a product, because it is not profitable to buy less than this amount. So we never advertise an item that will be immediately sold out. We are controlled every two months on this point. We speak of a « good sale » when between 15 000 and 20 000 items are sold. A small sale of no more than 1000 items would cause us to lose money. I don’t know why on the ventesprivées.com site, at 09.03 an item is not available, when the sale started at 09.00!



{{Jérôme MARIE}} (Ville de Troyes)
_ How do you manage unsold stock?



{{Olivier LE FLOCH}}
_ Certain firm purchases may generate unsold stock. Flash sales are organised on the basis of conditional quantities.



{{Frédéric WILLEMS}} (Legal representative of the National Clothing Federation)
_ What does the Fraud Office recommend in terms of price labelling?



{{Olivier LE FLOCH}}
_ Although we do not display a discounted price, we nevertheless are entitled to display the recommended consumer price, crossed out and in parallel our own price.



{{From the floor}}
_ Why are your sales always organised at the same time?



{{Olivier LE FLOCH}}
_ It’s a choice. We also want to set up a VIP club for customers who have bought several products from us, so that they would be able to buy before other people.



{{Vincent LEPERCQ}}
_ What does not sell on Internet?



{{Olivier LE FLOCH}}
_ Seasonality is a major factor. Sometimes, the brand presented is not yet well known enough. In addition, our customers do not buy very specialised brands.



{{From the floor}}
_ Why do some brands stop selling their items on certain sites?



{{Olivier LE FLOCH}}
_ Certain brands have been disappointed by ventesprivées.com which is so well-known that it is no longer represents a private sale.



{{From the floor}}
_ What is the future – up to five years time- of on-line selling?



{{Olivier LE FLOCH}}
_ We intend to develop our export sales.

{{{L’affichage du prix minoré dans les centres de marques et les magasins d’usine}}}


{(Février 2009)}
L’arrêté du 31 décembre 2008 publié le 13 janvier 2009, abroge l’arrêté n° 77-105/P du 2 septembre 1977 pour adapter les annonces de réduction de prix à l’égard du consommateur aux évolutions commerciales, telles que «le commerce en ligne et le développement des magasins d’usine et de destockage » , et autorise la pratique du double étiquetage réclamée de longue date par les centres de marques et les magasins d’usine.

{{Lire l’intégralité de l’article:}}

{{{Les centres de marques : comment échapper au statut des baux commerciaux ?}}}

{(Janvier 2009)}
Les centres de marques, centres commerciaux thématiques apparentés aux magasins d’usines, constituent un nouveau mode de distribution des invendus ; ils présentent notamment la spécificité de centraliser en un seul lieu un éventail étendu de marques, à des prix réduits toute l’année, de l’ordre de moins 30 à moins 70 % par rapport aux circuits de distribution classiques. Aujourd’hui, la quasi-totalité des centres de marques fonctionnent, en matière locative, sur le même modèle que les centres commerciaux, sur la base de baux de type 3, 6, 9 ans. Toutefois, ce type de bail ne répond pas nécessairement aux besoins des promoteurs des centres de marques ni de leurs locataires, bailleurs et locataires s’interrogent sur la possibilité de recourir à d’autres types de conventions…

{{Lire l’intégralité de l’article:}}

{{{ Projets de centres de magasins d’usine autorisés ou à l’étude en Europe (28 Septembre 2007)}}}

{{Plus d’info}}
_ [Tous les centres de magasins d’usine en Europe existants, en projet ou à l’étude->http://www.magdus.fr/spip.php?page=centre&lang=fr]

_ Pour toutes informations complémentaires
_ Contact [->accueil@magdus.com]

{{{Developments in brand distribution in Europe:
_ New stakes, new strategies?}}}

|{{Introduction}}|{{Speakers}}|
|{{wednesday 19th september 10h00/10h30}}
_ {{{European situation and evolution
_ in brand distribution:
_ figures and trends}}}
_ |{{Alessandro Bedeschi
_

_ Henrik C.Maris
_

_ Eric Daguin
_

_ Emmanuel de Labarre
_
_
_ Sven Lung
_
_
_ Pascal Roussarie
_
_
_ Olivier Dauvers
_
_
_ {{
{[All the speakers
_ of the conference->http://www.magdus.fr/All-the-speakers]}}}|

—–

|{{Plenary sessions}}|{{Speakers}}|
|{{wednesday 19th september 17h15/18h15}}
_ {{{New conquest for new customers}}}
_ Conquest Strategy
_ New Marketing
_ Customer Value
_ Brands and Differentiation
_ |{{Philippe Villemus
_

_ {{|
|{{thursday 20th september 10h15/11h15}}
_ {{{The new customer of XXIth century}}}
_ |{{Guillaume Erner
_

_ {{|

—–

|{{Workshops}}|{{Speakers}}|
|{{A1 – wednesday 19th september 10h45/11h45 }}
_ {{{Consumer developments in Europe:
_ how to adapt and anticipate}}}
_ Is there one or a variety of consumers?
_ What are the major behavioural trends
_ in buying apparel? How are they expected to develop?
_ How can brand retailers attract more consumers?
_ How can they be made loyal?
_ Can the same methods be applied to
_ everyone, everywhere?
_ Are brand centres in a class by themselves?
_ |{{
_ Valérie Voisembert

_ Pascal Roussarie
_
_
_ Laurent Locurcio
_
_
_ {{
{[All the speakers
_ of the conference->http://www.magdus.fr/All-the-speakers]}}}|
|{{A2 – wednesday 19th september 10h45/11h45}}
_ {{{Unsold textiles: Can they be kept under control?
_ How can value be derived from them? }}}
What is at stake with unsold textiles?
_ What part do they play on the apparel market?
_ Can unsold items be limited upstream?
_ What are the best options for deriving
_ value from unsold items (factory outlet centres,
_ Internet, b-stores, etc.)?
_ Should brands have to manage their own
_ unsold items, as they do their collection items?
_ What are the best responses when unsold
_ items are still not sold a second time?
_ |{{Alessandro Bedeschi
_

_ Jean-Loup Besquent
_
_
_ Dr.Sami Sboui
_
_
_ Bruno Rogowski
_

_ {{
{[All the speakers
_ of the conference->http://www.magdus.fr/All-the-speakers]}}}|
|{{A3 – wednesday 19th september 12h00/13h00}}
_ {{{Marketing for factory outlet centres:
_ what is the winning mix?}}}
_ How much pull can brands have for
_ consumers buying at factory outlet centres?
_ Is there such thing as an ideal brand portfolio?
_ How can the tourist-shopping dimension be
_ taken into consideration in the marketing mix?
_ Is communication the key to differentiation
_ from the competition?
_ What is the marketing position of factory
_ outlet centres today?
_ Can its “geo-strategy” be variable?
_ How should it be developed?
_ What is the development outlook is
_ on the horizon?
_ |{{Richard Broadhead
_
_
_ Frank Verschelle
_

_ Alain Salzman
_
_
_ Fabrice Schlosser
_

_ {{
{[All the speakers
_ of the conference->http://www.magdus.fr/All-the-speakers]}}}|
|{{A4 – wednesday 19th september 12h00/13h00}}
_ {{{Sunday openings: an issue
_ at the European level?}}}
_ What are the needs and expectations of
_ each set of players?
_ What is at stake economically with Sunday
_ openings? What are the labour stakes?
_ Are they shared in the same way
_ across Europe?
_ |{{Marion Kahn-Guerra
_
_ Emmanuel de Labarre
_
_ Olivier Dauvers
_
_ {{
{[All the speakers
_ of the conference->http://www.magdus.fr/All-the-speakers]}}}|
|{{A5 – wednesday 19th september 14h15/15h15}}
_ {{{Brand retail distribution strategy:
_ what role should the Internet play?}}}
_ Has the Internet changed the way
_ brands are consumed?
_ Do the major merchant sites that unload
_ brands create competition for factory
_ outlet centres?
_ Can they take up even more room
_ on this market?
_ Where brands are concerned,
_ is the Internet a complementary business tool,
_ or has it become a retail distribution
_ method in and of itself?
_ Does unloading a brand on the Internet help
_ attract new customers?
_ |{{Christine Baudchon
_

_ Geoffrey Nidd
_
_
_ Marina Martorana
_

_ Jean-Paul Leroy
_

_ {{
{[All the speakers
_ of the conference->http://www.magdus.fr/All-the-speakers]}}}|
|{{A6 – wednesday 19th september 14h15/15h15}}
_ {{{The factory outlet customers:
_ are they brand-focused or price-focused?}}}
_ Who are the consumers at factory outlet centres?
_ What are they looking for when they come?
_ Do consumers still feel there exists a
_ “reference” price?
_ At factory outlet centres, are prices and brands
_ always enough to make the difference?
_ What are consumers’ actual expectations?
_ What would the ideal factory outlet be?
_ |{{Olivier Le Floch
_

_ Sven Lung
_

_ Patrick Robin
_

_ Olivier Costil
_
_ {{
{[All the speakers
_ of the conference->http://www.magdus.fr/All-the-speakers]}}}|
|{{A7 – wednesday 19th september 15h45/16h45}}
_ {{{Commercial real estate in Europe:
_ textile brand retail still a winning sector?}}}
_ In the world of branded clothing retail,
_ what are the trends in commercial real
_ estate in Europe?
_ Why are more and more investors interested
_ in the concept of factory outlet centres?
_ What are the criteria they use to make
_ investment decisions?
_ Are there still development prospects
_ in Western Europe?
_ Are the Eastern countries still a
_ new Eldorado?
_ What are the conditions for establishing
_ and developing there?
_ |{{Chris Pope
_
Richard Broadhead
_
_
_ Gaël Thomas
_
_
_ {{
{[All the speakers
_ of the conference->http://www.magdus.fr/All-the-speakers]}}}|
|{{A8 – wednesday 19th september 15h45/16h45}}
_ {{{Factory outlet centres:
_ a development opportunity for brands?}}}
_ From the brand standpoint,
_ how can a multi-channel distribution strategy
_ generate development?
_ How should it be handled?
_ How can the development of such
_ centres in Europe serve brand development?
_ |{{Juan-Marcos Gabas
_
_ Alain Salzman
_
_
_ Ulrich Nordhorn
_
_
_ Olivier Dauvers
_
_
_ {{
{[All the speakers
_ of the conference->http://www.magdus.fr/All-the-speakers]}}}|

—–

|{{Round table}}|{{Speakers}}|
|{{Thursday 20th september 11h45/12h15}}
_ {{{In what way, and how
_ will brand centres meet
_ the expectations of brands,
_ consumers and investors,
_ five years from now? }}}
_ |{{Henrik C.Maris
_
_ Eric Decouvelaere
_
_ François Moss
_
_ Iestyn Roberts
_
_ Alexandre Séjourné
_
_
_ Olivier Dauvers
_
_ {{
{[All the speakers
_ of the conference->http://www.magdus.fr/All-the-speakers]}}}|

—–

|{{« Country » workshops}}|{{Speakers}}|
|{{A9 – wednesday 19th september 10h45/11h45}}
_ {{{Belgium-Holland}}}
_
_

_ |{{workshop cancelled
_
_
_ {{
{[All the speakers
_ of the conference->http://www.magdus.fr/All-the-speakers]}}}|
|{{A10 – wednesday 19th september 14h15/15h15}}
_ {{{Brand Centres in Europe: Facts and Figures}}}
_
_

_ |{{Caroline Lamy
_
_ Bruno Rogowski
_
_ {{
{[All the speakers
_ of the conference->http://www.magdus.fr/All-the-speakers]}}}|
|{{A11 – wednesday 19th september 12h00/13h00}}
_ {{{Germany}}}
_
_

_ |{{Ulrich Nordhorn
_
_
_ Jörg Nowicki
_
_ {{
{[All the speakers
_ of the conference->http://www.magdus.fr/All-the-speakers]}}}|
|{{A12 – wednesday 19th september 12h00/13h00}}
_ {{{England-Ireland}}}
_
_

_ |{{François Moss
_

_ Graham Parker
_

_ {{
{[All the speakers
_ of the conference->http://www.magdus.fr/All-the-speakers]}}}|
|{{A13 – wednesday 19th september 14h15/15h15}}
_ {{{Eastern Countries}}}
_
_

_

_ |{{Eric Daguin
_

_ Jana Kurkova
_
_
_ Tomasz Leskiewicz
_

_ Fabrice Schlosser
_
_ {{
{[All the speakers
_ of the conference->http://www.magdus.fr/All-the-speakers]}}}|
|{{A14 – wednesday 19th september 15h45/16h45}}
_ {{{Spain-Portugal}}}
_
_

_ |{{Manuel Saavedra
_

_ Philippe Schilde
_

_ {{
{[All the speakers
_ of the conference->http://www.magdus.fr/All-the-speakers]}}}|
|{{A15 – wednesday 19th september 10h45/11h45}}
_ {{{Italy}}}
_
_

_ |{{
_
_ Roberto Pacifico
_
_
_ Marina Martorana
_

_ {{
{[All the speakers
_ of the conference->http://www.magdus.fr/All-the-speakers]}}}|
|{{A16 – wednesday 19th september 15h45/16h45}}
_ {{{France}}}
_
_

_ |{{Raymond Feyssaguet
_
_
_ Didier Moret
_
_ Alexandre Séjourné
_

_ Laurent Locurcio
_

_ {{
{[All the speakers
_ of the conference->http://www.magdus.fr/All-the-speakers]}}}|

—–

_ {This program will be updated very regularly. …}

—–

_ {Do You wish to intervene? You have remarks or suggestions? Contact us}
_ [->accueil@magdus.com]
_ Tel : 33 (0)3.25.43.70.20

——

{{{More information about the third european conference on factory outlet centres}}}

-* [Presentation->http://www.magdus.fr/Conference-2007]

-* [Partners->http://www.magdus.fr/Partnership]

-* [Partners in the press->http://www.magdus.fr/Our-press-partner]

-* [Registration->http://www.magdus.fr/Registration-fees]

-* [Hotel accommodation->http://www.magdus.fr/Hotel-reservation]

-* [General information->http://www.magdus.fr/General-information]

—–

{{Facilitator}}

{{Jean-Paul Leroy}} {Fashion Daily News}

{{Speakers}}
{{Marina Martorana}} Journalist {Corriere della Sera}	{{Geoffrey Nidd}} General Manager Troyes et Roubaix {McArthurGlen}	{{Christine Baudchon}} Director of the {Zapa chain}

{{Marina MARTORANA}}
_ The « typical European consumer » does not exist. In Italy, cultural and sociological differences can even be seen from one region to another. In Milan, for example, brands are much less sought after than in the rest of Italy. Today consumers are looking for quality. But brands do no longer always guarantee quality! The success of factory outlets in Italy can be explained by the leisure factor (people come as a family at the weekend as a leisure activity) and by the low prices and brands that are on sale.



{{Jean-Paul LEROY}}
_ Would factory outlets enjoy greater success in France if they could open on a Sunday?



{{Geoffrey NIDD}}
_ Yes. Factory outlets can also be used as a tourism argument – come and visit Troyes, for example.



{{Jean-Paul LEROY}}
_ Are brand and price now no longer sufficient to enable a factory outlet to survive?



{{Geoffrey NIDD}}
_ The relation between the brand and price is fundamental. They are both of equal importance. The customer expects an average discount of 42%.



{{Jean-Paul LEROY}}
_ Is there a typical brand outlet customer profile?



{{Geoffrey NIDD}}
_ For Mc Arthur Glen, the typical customer is a 35-year-old woman who has spent around two hours to get to the centre. She stays for three hours and visits eleven shops and buys in four of them.



{{Jean-Paul LEROY}}
_ Do consumers take into account the fuel they have used to come to the centres?



{{Geoffrey NIDD}}
_ Today, customers are not just looking for a brand and a good price, but also atmosphere, ease-of-access, information, etc. The market is more sophisticated than five years ago.



{{Jean-Paul LEROY}}
_ Are high-street shop customers and factory outlet customers different?



{{Christine BAUDCHON}}
_ Zapa has five brand centres and a chain of thirty shops. In our brand centres, consumers used to be looking for a brand. Now they are also seeking a price and an identity. We have developed the same customer service and the same merchandising in our high-street shops as in our Zapa brand centres. This marks us out from our competitors. We have thus increased our prices by 17 % in a year without losing any customers, because of the added value we have in terms of customer service.



{{Jean-Paul LEROY}}
_ Do customers differentiate between the high-street shops and the brand centres?



{{Christine BAUDCHON}}
_ Yes. The same customers frequent the factory outlets and the high-street shops. The closeness of the brand centres is not detrimental to the brand sold in our high-street shops.



{{Jean-Paul LEROY}}
_ Is a factory outlet more profitable than a high-street shop?



{{Christine BAUDCHON}}
_ Profitability depends on the location of the high-street shops… We are satisfied by our brand centre outlet sales.



{{Jean-Paul LEROY}}
_ What brands can be sold in a factory outlet?



{{Geoffrey NIDD}}
_ We select the brands depending on how well they are known in the market and the results of our studies of their popularity. How the brand presents the product is also very important. We conclude ten-year leases with the brands.



{{Marina MARTORANA}}
_ In Italy, two cultures co-exist – those people who are seeking quality and those who are looking for a brand.
Certain brand centres use events to draw in customers (such as the jazz festival in a Mc Arthur Glen centre in Italy).



{{Jean-Paul LEROY}}
_ What do you think about brand centres which sign very short-term leases with the brands?



{{Geoffrey NIDD}}
_ In France, leases are generally for ten years. The short-term leases in La Vallée Shopping Village are an exception. In England, 10 % of the brands change each year. In 1995, only ten-year leases existed. When you start with this type of lease, it is impossible to change.



{{Jean-Paul LEROY}}
_ How do you check the brand prices in these centres?



{{Geoffrey NIDD}}
_ We conduct two price controls per year. If the brand does not observe the discount, this can result in cancellation of the lease.



{{Jean-Paul LEROY}}
_ At the outset, factory outlets were not entitled to use the brands for advertising purposes. Has this changed?



{{Geoffrey NIDD}}
_ Yes.



{{Jean-Paul LEROY}}
_ What can be done to ensure that the centres operate better?



{{Geoffrey NIDD}}
_ Developing leisure activities depends on the trading area. At Troyes, it is difficult to develop leisure activities in the evening as customers come from far a field. In Wales, cinemas located next to the centres are very successful.



{{Christine BAUDCHON}}
_ I do not think that Sunday opening should become generalised. Plan de Campagne, which opens on a Sunday, has enormous sales on that day, but this is offset by more modest results at the start of the week.



{{Jean-Paul LEROY}}
_ What are the brands and sectors that do well?



{{Geoffrey NIDD}}
_ International and luxury brands.

{{ {Discussions with the floor} }}

{{Jean-Pierre LEHMANN}} (President of the National Town-centre Federation)
_ What is the reference price?



{{Geoffrey NIDD}}
_ The reference price is the previous year’s street price.



{{Jean-Paul LEROY}}
_ How regularly do customers frequent your centres?



{{Christine BAUDCHON}}
_ On average, a customer comes twice a season. High street shop frequentation is greater, come customer come twice a month. Fifteen percent of customers visit both the factory outlets and the high-street shops.



{{Jean-Pierre LEHMANN}} (President of the National Town-centre Federation)
_ Is not the increase in factory outlets likely to cause stock depletion? Is more manufactured in order to supply these sales outlets?



{{Christine BAUDCHON}}
_ When we order, we consider the factory outlets as shops in their own right.



{{Jean-Paul LEROY}}
_ You consider factory outlets as a new distribution channel…



{{Christine BAUDCHON}}
_ We do not buy for the factory outlets, but we take them into account in our stock management.



{{Geoffrey NIDD}}
_ I don’t agree. Major brand production is limited. A major brand can choose to market its unsold stock elsewhere than at Troyes!



{{Jacques MARY}} (shopping mall manager at Cholet)
_ Sixty percent of one Cholet brand’s production is for factory outlets and 40% for conventional outlets.



{{Brigitte MAULEON}} (decoration shop owner)
_ I have noticed that factory outlets dell the same products as I do at the same price, but they indicate a 30% discount. I am shocked to hear that the Zapa factory outlets offer the same services as in a small shop. Moreover, someone who lives two hours away from a centre will not come back of there is a problem with what they have bought.



{{From the floor}}
_ Certain high-street shops do not observe competition rules. Does Zapa work with other brands in its brand centres?



{{Christine BAUDCHON}}
_ We like to work with our competitors, which attracts customers.

In January 2009, the magdus team has interviewed the marketing managers of several factory outlet centres in France to draw a first balance of the French winter sales. It appears clearly that in an economical context of restrictions and difficulties, the first trend of the sales time is good and it seems that the factory outlet centres’ sector in France is not affected by the crisis.

{If you are interested in reading the results of the study in English, please contact us: accueil@magdus.com}